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Effect of metal inorganic salts as forward osmosis draw solutions during microalgae separation from water

Authors： FANG Wenzhe, SHEN Qiaohui, CHEN Liping, CHENG Lihua, XU Xinhua

Units： College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058,China

KeyWords： Forward Osmosis，Chlorella vulgaris，metal inorganic salt，membrane fouling，reverse solute diffusion，microalgae adsorption

ClassificationCode：TQ028.8

year,volume(issue):pagination： 2015,35(6):81-86

Abstract：

Due to the advantages including low energy consumption, low cost and low pollution, forward osmosis (FO) technology have recently penetrated into traditional processes, i.e. microalgae separation from water, to become new energy saving technologies. To improve the permeate flux of microalgal dewatering by FO, the concentrations and valence states of metal inorganic salts were first studied followed by the application for microalgae dewatering. The results showed that the increase of ions concentrations could increase the permeate flux, but the increase trend was not linearly. The increase of ion valence could also increase the driving force, but the trivalent metal inorganic salts were found not suitable as draw solutions. Comparing with the single valent metal inorganic salts such as NaCl or KCl, the divalent metal inorganic salts as draw solutions had higher driving force, i.e. the initial water flux was 20 L/m2h when CaCl2 or MgCl2 were used as draw solutions. Although both the total amount of the reversely diffused ions of Ca2+ or Mg2+, either adsorbed or absorped by microalgae, were much lower than NaCl or KCl as draw solutions, rapid decline of the permeate flux and more severe membrane fouling was found for the microalgae separation from water. The results of this work were also useful for the sustainable development of microalgal bioenergy.

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