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DVB Modified Superhydrophobic Fibrous Membranes and Their Applications in Membrane Distillation

Authors： Cong Shuo1, Dong Jianhua1, Guo Fei1

Units： Key laboratory of Ocean Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China

KeyWords： polyacrylonitrile; electrospinning; hydrophobic modification; membrane distillation; desalination

ClassificationCode：TQ 028.8;TQ342+.31

year,volume(issue):pagination： 2018,38(5):104-112

Abstract：

Divinylbenzene (DVB) is a kind of low-energy monomer which is also environmental friendly. In order to replace 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDA), DVB was used as the precursor for initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). In this study, Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibrous membranes were prepared by electrospinning. The membranes were transferred from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic by iCVD, and successfully applied in membrane distillation. The morphology, wettability, liquid entry pressure (LEP), and thickness of the membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscope, water contact angle measurement instrument, LEP test equipment, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A set of iCVD treated PAN fibrous membranes with the fiber diameters ranging from 0.23 μm to 0.81 μm were tested for membrane distillation using a lab-scale air gap membrane distillation unit. The electrospun fibers were found to be randomly oriented. The morphology of fibrous membranes after surface modification showed no obvious change. The permeate flux was 1.5~22 kg/m2/h when the temperature difference between the feed solution and condensing plate was 13~59 ℃. The salt rejection ratios were all larger than 99.9 %. With decreasing the fiber diameter, the liquid entry pressure, the water contact angle, and the porosity were observed to increase, from 49 kPa to 128 kPa, from 84 % to 89.5 %, from 137 ° to 147 °, respectively. The results show that the fiber diameter plays an important role in the MD performance in terms of permeate flux, salt rejection ratio, and liquid entry pressure.

Funds：

中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金（DUT17JC05）

AuthorIntro：

第一作者简介：从硕（1994—），男，安徽宿州人，博士研究生，研究方向：薄膜蒸馏。通讯作者：郭飞（1983—），男，教授，博士生导师。研究方向：先进膜材料，碳素纳米材料。 E-mail: feiguo@dlut.edu.cn.

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