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Low-Calcium-Retention Nanofiltration Membrane for Treatment of Unconventional Drinking Water Sources

Authors： JIA Yumeng, QIN Yingjie, XU Yuzhuang, LIU Yi, CAI Tenghao

Units： (1.School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350; PureSea Spring Membrane Technology, Ltd., Tianjin 300350

KeyWords： low calcium rejection; nanofiltration; groundwater; high hardness; high sulfate; fresh water recovery

ClassificationCode：TU991.26+4

year,volume(issue):pagination： 2022,42(1):129-137

Abstract：

Nanofiltration (NF) technology can be used to treat unconventional water source with high hardness and sulfate content. However calcium sulfate scaling leads to problems such as reduction of the permeate water recovery. Low-calcium-rejection nanofiltration membrane (LCNF) can reduce CaSO4 scaling by partially allowing Ca2+ to pass through. In this study, LCNF membrane module NF3 and conventional NF membrane module NF1 and NF2 were used to treat dilute aqueous solution of single salts and groundwater with hardness and sulfate content exceeding the national standard. The effects of pressure, temperature, ion species and concentration in feed solution on membrane performance were studied. The results showed that the rejection rates of LCNF were 44.89% and 99.05% respectively to 6.5mmol/L CaCl2 solution and 5.5mmol/L MgSO4 solution at feed pressure of 0.6MPa. The rejection rate of NF1 to calcium chloride was 45.91% and 31.84% lower than that of NF1 and NF2 which was 90.80% and 76.73% respectively. The rejection rate of all NF membrane to magnesium sulfate was basically the same. When LCNF was used to treat groundwater of high hardness and sulfate content, the rejection rates of Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42- were 72.12%, 88.68%, 99.00% respectively. The rejection rate of NF3 to Ca2+ was significantly lower than that of NF1 and NF2 which was 89.44% and 85.78% respectively, while the rejection rate of Mg2+ and SO42- was basically the same. Meanwhile the permeation flux of NF3 increased by 37.5% compared with that of NF1, which was similar to that of NF2. When the permeate water recovery rate reached 80%, the permeation flux of NF3 membrane was only 4.97% lower than the initial flux, while the permeation flux of NF1 and NF2 membrane was 52.38% and 15.15% lower than the initial flux. It was also observed in the experiment that scaling occurred for the conventional NF membrane when dealing with the concentrated groundwater under high pressure or with high permeate water recovery, while scaling did not occur for LCNF membrane. This study shows that the new LCNF membrane is more suitable for the treatment of groundwater of high hardness and high sulfate.

Funds：

国家重点研发计划“压力驱动—电驱动分级脱盐海水淡化新工艺”项目编号：0401220004

AuthorIntro：

贾雨萌（1995-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为新型膜分离技术

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