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Mechanism and experiment research on urine brine sweeping gas membrane distillation

Authors： ZHANG Liangchang, LIU Luxiang, ZHANG Feifan, AI Weidang, HU Wei, WU Zhiqiang

Units： 1National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; 2College of Mechanical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China; 3College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China

KeyWords： environmental control and life support system; water cycle; urine treatment; heat and mass transfer

ClassificationCode：TQ028.8

year,volume(issue):pagination： 2022,42(4):112-121

Abstract：

Urine brine is a byproduct of water recovery process from urine in the environmental control and life support systmen of the space station, it is very difficult to further disposal because the properties of high salt concentration, strong acid, and high oxidation. According to technological state of water cycle and the technical constrains of lightweight and high reliability in space station, the indirect heated sweeping gas membrane distillation technology was proposed treatment brine achieving water recovery and volume reduction meanwhile. A heat and mass transfer model of the membrane distillation was established. The effects of seven main variables on the distillation rate, including inlet air temperature, humidity, flow rate, membrane thickness, pore size, porosity and solid substances concentration of brine, were investigated respectively. The results suggested that membrane porosity and air humidity have a higher effect on the distillation velocity. According to the physicochemical properties of urine brine, 13 kinds of hydrophobic membrane materials with high resistance were screened out and the membrane distillation experiment was carried out. The experimental results showed a trend consistent with the theoretical predictiosn, and the average relative deviation between experimental and theoretical values was 6.6%, which verified the validity of the model. The research provides theoretical and experimental basis for future membrane material selection and technology development.

Funds：

人因工程重点实验室稳定支持项目（项目编号：GJSD18001）

AuthorIntro：

张良长（1983-），男，湖南新化，博士，助理研究员，研究方向为航天环控生保技术

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