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Preparation of superhydrophobic PVDF nanofiber membranes
and their separation properties

Authors： SUN Xiaoming1, YU Feiyun1, HAN Xu1, WANG Ming2, HOU Yingfei2

Units： 1. China Liaohe Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd., Panjin 124010, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China

KeyWords： polyvinylidene fluoride; electrostatic spinning; n-octadecyltrichlorosilane; superhydrophobic; oil-water separation

ClassificationCode：X703；TQ028

year,volume(issue):pagination： 2025,45(2):75-82

Abstract：

Oil-containing wastewater has become one of the most serious environmental challenges at present. In response to this problem, membrane treatment technology has attracted much attention from researchers in the treatment and disposal of oil-containing wastewater due to its convenient operation, simple structure and efficient separation performance. Among them, superhydrophobic membrane materials stand out in terms of anti-fouling performance by virtue of appropriate roughness and extremely low surface energy characteristics.In this paper, an innovative surface modification method was adopted. Based on n-octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS), the superhydrophobic thin membrane was prepared through the hydrolysis of silicon-chlorine bonds on the oil-water interface and the subsequent dehydration condensation self-polymerization reaction. To enhance the stability and durability of the membrane, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was further introduced to construct a stable nano-rough structure on the membrane surface. This modification method effectively achieved the superhydrophobic transformation of the membrane.Flux and oil-water separation performance tests were carried out using petroleum ether, n-octane, carbon tetrachloride and toluene as simulated separation emulsions. The modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane exhibited a higher flux and an oil-water separation performance of over 95%. In addition, the relevant properties of the superhydrophobic modified PVDF membrane were characterized, and its applications on solid surfaces such as non-woven fabrics, glass fibers, commercial microporous microfiltration membranes, cotton fabrics and filter papers were also studied. The contact angle characterizations on these solid surfaces showed that the average contact angles were 154° for glass fibers, 156° for filter papers, 152° for cotton fabrics, 159° for microporous microfiltration membranes and 150° for non-woven fabrics, all of which exhibited superhydrophobicity.

Funds：

中央高校基本科研业务费（24CX02021A）

AuthorIntro：

孙晓明（1986-），男，辽宁丹东人，高级工程师，主要研究方向为油田污水处理及注水设计和研究

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