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多壁碳纳米管 (MWNT)/聚丙烯腈（PAN）共混复合膜的制备及性能研究

作者：高翔宇，贺高红，梁健

单位：大连理工大学化工与环境生命学部膜科学与技术研发中心，大连116024

关键词：多壁碳纳米管；聚丙烯腈分离膜；机械强度；水处理

DOI号：

分类号： TQ028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2013,33(3):17-22

摘要：

为了提高PAN膜的性能，首先用超声分散将MWNT溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）中，之后加入PAN，通过相转化法制备MWNT/PAN共混复合膜。研究表明随着MWNT添加量的增加，共混膜的拉伸强度呈先增加后减少的趋势，从2.2MPa上升到2.4MPa后拉伸强度开始下降。这是由于适量的MWNT起到物理交联的作用，而添加过多，导致MWNT团聚，降低共混膜的拉伸强度。断裂伸长率随着添加量的增加缓慢下降，从20%下降到18.6%；水通量随着MWNT添加量的增加呈先增加后减少的趋势，在添加量为1wt%时较纯PAN膜增加了近60%，后水通量呈下降趋势，但是仍然高于PAN膜。这一变化趋势是由膜孔结构的变化和MWNT堵孔共同作用的结果。共混膜的截留率也呈先增加后减少的趋势。当MWNT添加量为4wt%，截留率达到最大值96%。抗污染性能测试结果显示膜的水通量恢复率随着添加量的增加呈先增后减的趋势，在添加量为7wt%时，达到70%。抗污染性能提高的原因是膜的润湿性得到改善。

MWNT was dissolved in DMF by ultrasonication, then the PAN was blended and mixed by mechanical stirring to improve the properties of the PAN membrane, The MWNT/PAN nanocomposite membrane was fabricated by phase inversion method. It was found that the tensile strength of the nanocomposite membranes was increased then decreased with the increasing content of MWNT, Tensile strength reached maximum of 2.4MPa at the 7wt% of MWNT loading. The MWNT serves as the physical linking at the small amount, while MWNT tend to agglomerate at the excessive amount. Elongation decreased slightly with the increased MWNT, from 20% to 18.6%. The water permeability increased by 60% at 1wt% loading of MWNT, but decreased with the content of the MWNT, which attributed to the combined efforts by the delayed solvent and non-solvent exchange and pore blocking. Rejection reached the maximum at 96% when 4wt% MWNT was added. From the anti-fouling test, due to the enhanced wettability, the flux recovery ratio increased and then decreased with the content of MWNT. When the MWNT content was 7wt%, the flux recovery ratio attained maximum of 70%.

基金项目：

国家杰出青年科学基金（21125628）；“863”计划（2012AA03A611）

作者简介：

高翔宇（1987-），男，浙江宁波人，硕士研究生，主要从事膜材料制备、改性及性能研究。*通讯联系人，E-mail：hgaohong@dlut.edu.cn

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