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胶束增强陶瓷膜处理镧离子废水的研究

作者：徐方松，邢卫红，张峰，范益群

单位：国家特种分离膜工程技术研究中心，南京工业大学膜科学技术研究所，江苏南京，210009

关键词：陶瓷膜；胶束增强；十二烷基硫酸钠；镧离子；废水

DOI号：

分类号： TQ028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2015,35(2):57-63

摘要：

本文将十二烷基硫酸钠 (SDS) 与孔径5 nm的陶瓷膜结合，探索胶束增强陶瓷膜法处理镧离子废水的可行性。考察了SDS浓度、跨膜压差 (TMP)、溶液pH值等因素对陶瓷膜过滤性能的影响。结果表明，随着SDS浓度的增大，陶瓷膜对La3+ 的截留率从70% 增大到99.9%；当SDS浓度大于临界胶束浓度 (CMC) 后，膜对La3+ 的截留率略有降低，大约维持在95%-97% 左右；膜通量则随SDS浓度增大先减小后增大，最后趋于65 L·m-2·h-1·bar[换算成MPa]-1。随着TMP提高，膜通量基本呈线性关系增大，膜对SDS和La3+ 的截留率略增大。随着溶液pH的升高，渗透通量略有下降，膜对La3+ 和SDS的截留率均显著增加。采用体积浓度为0.5% 的稀硝酸清洗污染的陶瓷膜，膜的纯水通量可恢复到95% 以上，重复性好。

In this study, the feasibility of the micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) process for removing La3+ using the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was evaluated. The effects of different parameters on the separation performance of 5 nm ceramic membrane were investigated including the concentration of SDS, transmembrane pressure (TMP) and solution pH. It was found that when the SDS concentration exceeded the critical micelle concentration (CMC), the rejection of La3+ was among 95%-97% with little change. The flux increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of SDS concentration and finally tended to 65 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1. The permeate flux increased linearly and the rejection of La3+ and SDS had a slight increase with the increasing of TMP. With increasing solution pH, the permeate flux decreased slightly, but the rejections of La3+ and SDS increased significantly. Finally, the ceramic membrane was washed with 0.5% (vol%) HNO3 and the pure water flux could be recovered above 95% effectively, and the flux of the ceramic membrane had a good reproducibility.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金项目(21125629,21306079), 863重大项目课题(2012AA03A606), 江苏省高校自然科学基金(13KJB530005), 江苏省工业支撑项目（BE2011185）。

作者简介：

徐方松，(1989- )，男，山东武城人，硕士生，研究方向为膜法水处理技术，E-mail：haizhizi123xu @163.com。

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