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正渗透膜的非平衡热力学膜特征参数解析

作者：边丽霞，方彦彦，王晓琳

单位：清华大学化学工程系膜材料与工程北京市重点实验室，北京 100084

关键词：非平衡热力学；正渗透膜；膜特征参数；传递现象；渗透压驱动膜过程

DOI号：

分类号： TQ028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2016,36(4):75-83

摘要：

基于非平衡热力学用三个独立的膜特征参数（纯水透过系数，反射系数和溶质透过系数）分析了在水力学压力驱动和渗透压驱动膜过程中溶剂水和溶质的传递现象。为了考察这些膜特征参数在两种不同驱动力驱动的膜过程中的一致性，我们用不同的方法确定了同一张正渗透膜分离层的膜特征参数。首先，通过几种中性溶质在水力学压力驱动膜过程中的截留率确定了膜特征参数。其次，使用相同的中性溶质作为渗透压驱动膜过程中的驱动溶质，通过实验得到溶剂水的体积通量和溶质的摩尔通量，结合通量数据和非平衡热力学模型，再次得出这几种溶质的膜特征参数。结果表明，两种方法得到的膜特征参数一致性较好。这有助于我们进一步理解渗透压驱动膜过程中的传递现象，以及它与水力学压力驱动膜过程的差别。

Transport phenomena of a forward osmosis membrane in both hydraulic and osmotic pressure driven membrane processes were analyzed by three independent membrane parameters based on nonequilibrium thermodynamics. To examine the uniformity of these parameters in membrane processes operated by different driving forces, we determined the membrane parameters of the same membrane active layer using independent methods. First, the membrane parameters were determined from rejection data of several neutral solutes in hydraulic pressure driven mode experiments. Second, the water volumetric flux and solute molar flux of the same neutral draw solutes were investigated in osmotic pressure driven mode experiments. The membrane parameters for these solutes were obtained based on the flux data and the nonequilibrium thermodynamic model. The results revealed good agreement between the two methods and contribute to further understanding the transport phenomenon in FO process and its difference from hydraulic pressure driven membrane processes.

基金项目：

国家高技术研究发展计划（863）项目（批准号：2012AA03A604）

作者简介：

第一作者简介：边丽霞（1986-），女，河北人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为正渗透膜过程传质和动电现象，E-mail: blxlydia@126.com *通讯作者E-mail：xl-wang@tsinghua.edu.cn.

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