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太阳能中空纤维空气隙膜蒸馏的海水淡化性能研究

作者：

薛喜东?¹，王建友¹，刘红斌²，张振辉¹，杨建鑫¹，王济虎²，李卜义¹

单位： 1.南开大学环境科学与工程学院，天津 300071； 2.军事医学科学院卫生装备研究所，天津 300161

关键词：太阳能；空气隙膜蒸馏；中空纤维膜组件；海水淡化

DOI号：

分类号： P747.14；TQ028.3

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2016,36(4):126-133

摘要：

设计了一种小型太阳能膜蒸馏海水淡化系统，采用自主设计的螺旋缠绕式中空纤维空气隙膜蒸馏组件（SW-AGMD-HF），作为核心的膜蒸馏（MD）单元。以TDS为35000 mg•L-1的模拟海水为原水，考察了冷热水流量、膜组件启动温度和天气对太阳能膜蒸馏系统产水的影响；结果表明，在太阳辐照量一定的条件下，产水量随进水流量的增大而减小，膜组件启动温度的高低则对产水量无显著影响，日照条件是产水量的最显著影响因素。对于产水水质而言，以上实验条件对产水电导率均无显著影响。在夏季晴朗的天气下，太阳能集热器日平均集热效率约为30%；当集热面积为15 m2，膜面积为1.56 m2，冷热水流量为90 L•h-1，膜组件启动温度为50 ℃时，最高日产水量为44.3 L，产水电导率始终低于50 μS•cm-1，SW-AGMD-HF装置的脱盐率为99.9%。太阳能膜蒸馏充分利用了太阳能作为能源，运行稳定，产水水质好，有望成为一种新型的海水及苦咸水淡化技术，为小型海岛和偏远地区提供可靠的饮用水。

A small solar membrane distillation seawater desalination system was designed, a new spiral-wound air-gap membrane distillation module based on hollow fiber (SW-AGMD-HF) was used as the core unit. The effects of water flow rate, start-up temperature of membrane distillation and weather on this distillation system were studied with the 3.5 wt% modeling seawater as the feed. The experimental results showed that water production would decrease as the higher feed rate was applied, the start-up temperature showed a slight influence on water production, while weather had a great influence on water production. All those factors had little effect on the conductivity of water production. The average daily efficiency of solar collector was 30% on sunny in summer. When the collector area was 15 m2, membrane area was 1.56 m2, hot water flow rate was 90 L•h-1, start-up temperature was 50 ℃, the highest water production was 44.3 L, the ratio of ion removal reached 99.9%. Consequently, solar membrane distillation takes full advantage of solar energy, the quality of water production is perfect, it is expected to become a new type of seawater or brackish desalination technology, which can provide reliable drinking water for small islands or remote areas.

基金项目：

天津市科技兴海专项资金项目（KJXH2013-02）；天津市科技特派员项目(14KJTPJC00481)

作者简介：

第一作者简介：薛喜东（1989-），男，陕西延安市人，硕士研究生，南开大学，从事膜分离与水处理研究. *通讯作者，E-mail：Wangjy72@nankai.edu.cn

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