膜科学与技术

位置：首页 >> 期刊内容阅读

聚砜基复合正渗透膜的结构设计与性能表征

作者：凡祖伟，柯超，周建强，张如意，徐愿坚，张卫东

单位： 1. 北京新源国能科技集团股份有限公司研究院，北京 100044； 2. 北京化工大学化学工程学院，北京 100029

关键词：聚酯筛网；聚砜；聚酰胺；复合正渗透膜；脱水

DOI号：

分类号： TQ028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2018,38(2):66-72

摘要：

本文采用连续制膜技术制备聚酯（PET）筛网增强型聚砜（PSF）基膜，并通过两次刮涂的方法获取单皮层基膜；然后通过在基膜表面界面聚合制备复合正渗透（FO）膜。PET筛网的引入使基膜内部大孔贯通性变差，孔隙率和纯水通量降低；另一方面，却大大增强了基膜强度，并使其更具韧性。基膜引入PET筛网，所得复合膜正渗透过程中的内浓差极化程度有所增大；由于单皮层基膜底面较为疏松且PET筛网局部裸露出来形成界面大孔，故所得复合膜传质阻力降低，以2 mol/L的NaCl溶液为汲取液，其正渗透水通量比双皮层基膜复合膜高50%左右。本文提出一种提高正渗透膜性能的新型方法，即通过结构设计获取单皮层的基膜，不仅能够提高复合膜水通量，还能减少膜脱水现象的发生。

Polyester (PET) mesh reinforced polysulfone (PSF) substrate membrane was fabricated via continuous preparation technology, and the single-skinned substrate membrane was achieved by two-step coating method; then composite forward osmosis (FO) membrane was prepared through interfacial polymerization on the top surface of the substrate membrane. The substrate membranes with PET mesh had decreased macrovoid connectivity, porosity and pure water flux; on the other hand, they possessed greatly improved strength and tenacity. After introducing PET mesh into the substrate membrane, the composite membranes had increased degree of internal concentration polarization during FO process; the composite membrane with single-skinned substrate had lower mass transfer resistance due to the looser bottom surface and interfacial macrovoid induced by partly exposed PET mesh, whose FO water flux was about 50% higher than the double-skinned with 2 mol/L NaCl solution as the draw solution. This study proposed a novel method to improve the FO membrane performance, and the fabrication of single-skinned substrate through structural design not only improved the water flux of the composite membrane but also reduced the occurrence of dehydration.

基金项目：

北京市科技计划项目（Z161100001216004）

作者简介：

第一作者简介：凡祖伟（1988—），男，安徽阜阳人，博士（后），工程师，从事聚合物膜材料、水环境污染控制技术等研发工作，E-mail：fanzwgoon@163.com

参考文献：

[1] 胡群辉, 邹昊, 姜莹, 等. 正渗透膜分离关键技术及其应用进展[J]. 膜科学与技术, 2014, 34 (5): 109-115.
[2] 李国亮, 王军, 赵长伟, 等. 醋酸纤维素正渗透膜的制备及性能研究[J]. 膜科学与技术, 2017, 37 (1): 92-99.
[3] Chou S R, Shi L, Wang R, et al. Characteristics and potential applications of a novel forward osmosis hollow fiber membrane[J]. Desalination, 2010, 261 (3): 365-372.
[4] Sukitpaneenit P, Chung T-S. High performance thin-film composite forward osmosis hollow fiber membranes with macrovoid-free and highly porous structure for sustainable water production[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2012, 46 (13): 7358-7365.
[5] Ling M M, Wang K Y, Chung T-S. Highly water-soluble magnetic nanoparticles as novel draw solutes in forward osmosis for water reuse[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2010, 49 (12): 5869-5876.
[6] 韦希, 周雪飞, 褚华强. 正渗透膜在水处理应用中的研究进展[J]. 水处理技术, 2016, 42 (3): 13-19.
[7] Osmotek Inc. Asymmetric supported membrane for direct osmotic concentration: WO 97/33681[P]. 1997-09-18.
[8] 李刚, 李雪梅, 柳越, 等. 正渗透原理及浓差极化现象[J]. 化学进展, 2010, 22 (5): 812-821.
[9] 张乾, 时强, 阮国岭, 等. 正渗透水处理关键技术研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2012, 32 (5): 5-9.
[10] 解利昕, 辛婧, 解奥. 三乙酸纤维素正渗透膜的制备与性能[J]. 化工进展, 2014, 33 (10): 2700-2706.
[11] Ma N, Wei J, Qi S, et al. Nanocomposite substrates for controlling internal concentration polarization in forward osmosis membranes[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2013, 441: 54-62.
[12] Emadzadeh D, Lau W J, Matsuura T, et al. Synthesis and characterization of thin film nanocomposite forward osmosis membrane with hydrophilic nanocomposite support to reduce internal concentration polarization[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2014, 449: 74-85.
[13] 胡乐乐, 王铎, 汪锰. 基膜结构对聚酰胺TFC膜正渗透性能的影响[J]. 膜科学与技术, 2017, 32 (7): 19-25.
[14] Xiao P P, Nghiem L D, Yin Y, et al. A sacrificial-layer approach to fabricate polysulfone support for forward osmosis thin-film composite membranes with reduced internal concentration polarization[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2015, 481: 106-114.
[15] Chen G, Liu R X, Shon H K, et al. Open porous hydrophilic supported thin-film composite forward osmosis membrane via co-casting for treatment of high-salinity wastewater[J]. Desalination, 2017, 405: 76-84.
[16] 李刚, 王周为, 李春霞, 等. 界面聚合中空纤维正渗透膜的制备和表征[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65 (8): 3082-3088.
[17] Zhang M X, Liu R X, Wang Z W, et al. Dehydration of forward osmosis membranes in treating high salinity wastewaters: performance and implications[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2016, 498: 365-373.

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】

《膜科学与技术》编辑部地址：北京市朝阳区北三环东路19号蓝星大厦邮政编码：100029 电话：010-64426130/64433466 传真：010-80485372邮箱：mkxyjs@163.com