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构建高性能复合正渗透膜及其在果汁浓缩中的应用

作者：安晓婵¹， ³，张翔宇¹，周宗尧¹， ³，胡云霞²

单位： 1. 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室山东烟台 264003; 2. 天津工业大学分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室，天津 300387；3. 中国科学院大学北京100049

关键词：正渗透；高性能；碳纳米管；薄层复合膜；果汁浓缩

DOI号：

分类号： TQ028.8; TB43

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2018,38(4):99-106

摘要：

传统果汁浓缩技术存在营养损失大和口感差，以及设备管理成本高等缺点。近年来，正渗透技术因其可以弥补传统浓缩技术的缺陷，受到越来越多的关注。但浓缩过程中由于缺乏高性能的正渗透膜，大大限制了其应用推广。本文通过在聚砜支撑层背面构建碳纳米管（CNT）抗污染层，在支撑层表面界面聚合制备高性能聚酰胺复合正渗透膜，并应用于果汁浓缩。通过扫描电子显微镜的表征、支撑层盐扩散系数及TFC膜的水通量和反向盐通量的测定等方法考察了CNT层对TFC膜结构及性能的影响。随后考察在实际果汁浓缩时TFC膜的通量衰减和恢复情况。结果表明，当抽滤CNT分散液的体积为20 mL时，TFC膜性能最佳，浓缩果汁时膜通量显著优于未含CNT的对照膜；运行4200 min进行果汁浓缩时，膜通量衰减率和恢复率均明显优于对照膜。

The conventional technology for juice concentration often leads to severe nutrition loss and high costs. Recently, forward osmosis (FO) shows great potential for juice concentration. However, the lack of efficient FO membranes is one of the critical challenges for the development of FO technology. Thus, to fabricate high performance thin film composite (TFC) forward osmosis membrane, we deposited carbon nanotubes on the back surface of PSF support to shrink the surface pores and synthesized the polyamide on top surface of the PSF support. The impacts of CNT deposition on the performance of TFC polyamide membranes were investigated, and our results found that the TFC membrane with CNT (TFC-CNT20) achieved the best performance. After 4200 min FO operation for juice concentration, the TFC membrane with CNT exhibited a lower flux decline percentage and a higher recovery percentage, compare with control membranes without the CNT.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金委(No. 21476249, No. 51708408), 烟台市重大研发计划 (No. 2015ZH063)和天津市重大平台项目资助，山东省重点研发计划(2016ZDJS04B03)。

作者简介：

第一作者简介：安晓婵（1987-），女，河北省邢台市人，博士生，研究方向为新型正渗透膜，E-mail: anxiaochan@163.com 通讯作者，E-mail: yunxiahu@yic.ac.cn

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