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聚苯并咪唑膜用于膜法酸碱两性电解水制氢研究

作者：刘帅，雷青，王保国

单位：清华大学化学工程系，北京 100084

关键词：电解水制氢，析氢极化，聚苯并咪唑膜，水解离，季铵碱

DOI号：

分类号： TQ151.1

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2018,38(5):1-7

摘要：

针对电解水制氢过程能耗过高的问题，提出膜法酸碱两性电解水过程。用隔膜将高浓度的酸碱电解液分隔，在酸性溶液中发生析氢反应，提高电化学反应活性，降低析氢过电位。该过程核心问题是阻止酸碱中和，限制对离子跨膜渗透。本文选择对离子体积较大的季铵碱作为碱溶液，分析酸碱种类、对离子体积与离子渗透的关系，探讨电解电流与酸碱种类、浓度、温度的关系。为了阻隔高浓度酸碱中和，使用聚苯并咪唑膜作为电解槽隔膜，经过酸或碱掺杂形成传导离子能力。初步验证了聚苯并咪唑膜在酸碱溶液中的稳定性，为发展膜法酸碱两性电解水制氢技术提供依据。

In order to reduce energy consumption in electrolytic hydrogen production, a novel method named acid-base amphiprotic water electrolysis using membranes is proposed. The membrane separates acidic electrolyte and alkaline electrolyte. Hydrogen-evolving reactions (HER) occurs in acidic electrolyte which reduces the polarization and enhances the HER materials stability. The core issue is to suppress acid-base neutralization. The positive ions in quaternary ammonium base have larger ion radius than potassium ion which is beneficial to hinder ions permeability. Polybenzimidazole membranes were selected due to its stability for acidic and alkaline solution. In this paper, the relationship between ion species, concentration and diffusion are analyzes in detail. The performance and stability of membranes are discussed.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金（项目批准号：21776154）。中国博士后科学基金（项目批准号：2017M610913）

作者简介：

第一作者简介：刘帅（1987-），男，籍贯：山东淄博，职称：博士后，研究方向：离子分离膜，E-mail：liushuai99@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn 通讯作者: 王保国教授，E-mail：bgwang@tsinghua.edu.cn

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