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自聚微孔聚合物气体分离膜材料研究进展

作者：李凯华¹，朱芷杨²，程博闻¹，李建新²，马小华²

单位： 1.天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院省部共建分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室，天津300387 2.天津工业大学材料科学与工程学院省部共建分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室，天津300387

关键词：自聚微孔聚合物；比表面积；气体分离膜；梯形聚合物；聚酰亚胺

DOI号：

分类号： TQ31

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2020,40(5):118-128

摘要：

膜分离在现代化工、医疗、环境、能源等领域中都有非常重要的应用。聚合物膜材料是气体膜分离最核心的部分。自聚微孔聚合物是近年来出现的一种新型聚合物，由致孔基元以一定的桥接方式线性连接构成。由于不规则的致孔基元在聚集态时不能有效堆叠而使得聚合物内部含有大量固有微孔（孔径 < 2 nm）。同时，该聚合物兼具优良的热稳定性、机械强度和溶解性等特点，结合了有机膜材料优良的加工性和无机分子筛膜材料的高透过率、高选择性等优点，在选择性筛分气体以及液体分子领域有非常广泛的应用前景。本文综述了自聚微孔聚合物膜材料的分类、合成以及其膜材料的气体分离性质，并对该聚合物做了一定的展望。

Membrane-based gas separation had a variety of industrial applications such as chemical engineering, medical, environment, energy and so on. Polymer membrane is one of the most important parts in gas separation membranes. Recently, the emerging of polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM), a special polymer composed of “kinked” structure unit combined by some very rigid connectors. The site-of-contortions prevent the polymer main chain from close packing in the condensed phase that resulting in large volume of micropore (diameter < 2 nm). Besides, PIMs also demonstrate good mechanical strength, excellent solubility, thermal stabilities, etc., that are attracting great attention in both industrial and academic research. PIMs combined the advantages of easy processibility for polymer membranes and high permeability and selectivity of inorganic molecular sieve membranes, which demonstrated great potential in gas and liquid molecular separations. This review summarized the classification, synthesis and gas separation properties of intrinsically microporous polymers in gas field, and the perspective of this material.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金（51703036），教育部创新团队项目（IRT17R80），天津市科技计划项目（18PTZWHZ00210，19PTSYJC0030），煤转化国家重点实验室开放基金（J19-20 -907）。

作者简介：

李凯华（1991-），男，河北唐山人，博士，主要从事气体分离膜研究。E-mail：likh_199109@163.com；通讯作者，马小华，E-mail：xhuama@126.com；xhuama@tiangong.edu.cn程博闻，E-mail:bowen15@tjpu.edu.cn)

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