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体外膜氧合系统中膜材料的研究进展

作者：铁娟¹，张彩丽¹，²，翁云宣¹²

单位： 1.化学与材料工程学院，北京工商大学，北京，100048

关键词：膜式人工肺；氧合器；高分子材料；中空纤维膜；气体分离膜

DOI号：

分类号： TB324

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2020,40(6):141-147

摘要：

体外膜氧合技术(Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ECMO)的发展和应用，为危重病人的治疗提供了可能. ECMO装置的主要部件之一是气体渗透膜，它是将血液与气相分离的屏障，能有效和安全地支持血液中的气体交换过程. 自20世纪50年代以来，ECMO技术的发展一直致力于提高膜的使用安全性和使用寿命，这导致了能提供数周体外生命支持的氧合器的出现. 60多年来，ECMO的发展从膜材料的选择和膜组件结构设计两方面都经历了一系列的演变. 本文综述了体外膜氧合技术的发展过程，包括膜材料的选择、改善膜材料表面与血液相容性的方法以及膜组件结构设计的方法；最后指出我国ECMO的发展现状，并对未来ECMO的发展方向进行了预测.

The development and application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides the possibility for the treatment of critically ill patients. One of the main components of the ECMO device is the gas permeable membrane, which is a barrier that separates blood from the gas phase and can effectively and safely support the gas exchange process in blood. Since the 1950s, the development of ECMO technology has been committed to improving the safety and service life of membranes, which has led to the emergence of oxygenators that can provide extracorporeal life support for several weeks. For more than 60 years, the development of ECMO has undergone a series of evolutions in both the selection of membrane materials and the structural design of membrane modules. This article reviews the development process of ECMO technology, including the selection of membrane materials, methods to improve the compatibility of membrane materials with blood, and methods of membrane module structure design. Finally, the development status of China’s ECMO is pointed out and the development direction was predicted.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金项目（21905008）；北京市自然科学基金项目（2194071）

作者简介：

铁娟（1997-），女，宁夏人，本科，工学学士学位，从事电磁吸波方向研究，E-mail：18810599278@163.com

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