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质子交换膜氢泵高效分离低氢气体

作者：崔福军，范姝艾，代岩，潘东伟，吴雪梅，贺高红

单位：大连理工大学盘锦产业技术研究院，辽宁省化学助剂合成与分离省重点实验室，辽宁盘锦，124221；大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室，膜科学与技术研究中心，化工学院，大连116024

关键词：质子交换膜氢泵；氢气分离；非氟质子交换膜；回收率；能量效率

DOI号：

分类号： TQ028、TM912.1

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2021,41(2):81-87

摘要：

氢气主要来源于化石能源，但常用的氢气分离方法对于低氢气体分离的效率低、能耗大，造成低氢尾气的严重浪费。本文提出质子交换膜氢泵的低氢气体分离方法，依据氢气极高的电化学选择性解离传递实现常压下的氢分离，利用质子交换膜阻隔阴阳极间的气体渗透。本文建立了氢气的回收率、氢泵能量效率与氢泵的操作电压、H2与CO2混气组成及流量之间的实验关联。在较低的氢含量范围内（进料中H2含量小于33.3vol.%），氢气回收率达到95%以上。混气中的氢含量越低，氢泵的能量效率越高（接近65%）。进一步利用非氟质子交换膜的芳杂环主链空间位阻效应，实现了高纯度氢气分离（氢气纯度大于99.99%），降低了质子交换膜氢泵的制氢成本。

By far the most important resource for hydrogen fabrication is fossil fuels, but the conventional separation methods for low hydrogen containing gases have several disadvantages such as low separation efficiency and high energy consumption, thus result in the waste of the hydrogen containing gases. In this work, a novel method to separate low hydrogen containing gases in proton exchange membrane hydrogen pump (PEMHP) is proposed, in which atmospheric pressure could be applicated due to the extreme high electrochemical selective dissociation and conduction of hydrogen in EHP, and the proton exchange membrane (PEM) could act as gas penetration barrier between anode and cathode chambers. Experimental correlations of hydrogen recovery and energy efficiency as functions of operating voltage, inlet flow rate with different H2 to CO2 ratios are established. Within the low hydrogen content in the inlet H2/CO2 mixed gas (less than about 33.3 vol.%), the hydrogen recovery is up to 95%. The lower the hydrogen content in the feedstock, the higher the energy efficiency of the hydrogen pump, and the energy efficiency is close to about 65%. Further investigations on the non-fluorine PEM based EHP indicate that the purity of the hydrogen product could be elevated to 99.99%, owing to much less gas permeation across PEM caused by the steric hindrance of aromatic polymer backbone. The application of the non-fluorine PEMs in EHP also significantly reduces the cost of hydrogen pump, therefore makes it feasible to produce high purity of hydrogen with low cost.

基金项目：

辽宁省化学助剂合成与分离省市共建重点实验室2020年开放课题（ZJKF2012），国家自然科学基金（面上21776034，创新群体22021005）；国家自然科学基金联合基金（U1663223,U1808209）；中央高校举报科研业务费(DUT21TD101)；辽宁省教育厅(LT2015007)；科技部重点领域创新团队（2016RA4053）

作者简介：

崔福军(1970-)，男，河北承德人，研究方向为气体膜分离及粘合剂，Email：1012293273@qq.com

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