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中空纤维支撑炭膜的制备与表征

作者：彭莉，王兴，唐国强，王博轩，顾学红

单位：南京工业大学材料化学工程国家重点实验室，南京，211816

关键词：支撑炭膜；聚糠醇；介孔碳硅；中空纤维

DOI号：

分类号： TQ028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2021,41(5):51-59

摘要：

以介孔碳硅复合材料作为中间层，草酸和碘分别催化糠醇聚合的获得的两种聚糠醇为炭膜前驱体，在四通道α-Al2O3中空纤维支撑体上制备中空纤维支撑炭膜。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、红外光谱（FTIR）以及热重（TGA）等对中间层与支撑炭膜的形貌、结构以及聚合物的热解过程进行分析，并对介孔碳硅复合中间层的超滤性能和中空纤维支撑炭膜的气体分离性能进行了测试。结果表明，在无介孔中间层的支撑体表面难以形成均匀的炭膜分离层，而经介孔中间层修饰过的支撑体平均孔径明显减小，可达5 nm，支撑体与炭膜分离层的亲和性较好，能形成均匀完整的炭膜分离层；以经介孔中间层修饰的氧化铝中空纤维为支撑体，在最佳工艺条件下，制备的支撑炭膜在测试温度为25 °C、跨膜压差为0.2 MPa时，H2、CO2、O2、N2、CH4的渗透性分别为59.0、1.22、0.82、0.23、0.13×10-11 mol/(m2·s·Pa)，H2/N2、CO2/N2、O2/N2的理想选择性分别为256、5.30、3.57

Hollow fiber supported carbon membranes were prepared on four-channel α-Al2O3 hollow fibers with mesoporous carbon silicon composite as the intermediate layer and polyfurfuryl alcohol prepared by self-polymerization of furfuryl alcohol with oxalic acid and iodine as the catalyst respectively as the carbon membrane precursor. The morphology，physical properties of the intermediate layer and supporting carbon membrane and the pyrolysis process of polyfurfuryl alcohol were studied by using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR) and thermogravimetric (TG). The ultrafiltration performance of the intermediate layer and the gas separation performance of the hollow fiber supported carbon membrane were tested. The results showed that the carbon membrane can be easily peeled off the α-Al2O3 hollow fiber support without the mesoporous carbon silicon composite intermediate layer. The mesoporous intermediate layer can effectively reduce the average pore size of the support surface to 5 nm, and form strong adherence between carbon membrane and the support. At 25 °C and 0.2 MPa, the permeability of H2, CO2, O2, N2 and CH4 of the supporting carbon membrane prepared with mesoporous intermediate layer under the optimized preparation condition were 59.0, 1.22, 0.82, 0.23 and 0.13×10-11 mol/(m2·s·Pa), and the selectivity of H2/N2, CO2/N2 and O2/N2 were 256, 5.30 and 3.57.

基金项目：

国家重点研发计划（2018YFB1501701），国家自然科学基金（批准号：21776128）及江苏省“333”高层次人才项目资助

作者简介：

彭莉（1976-11），女，重庆人，副教授，博士，从事无机膜的制备与应用研究，Email: lipeng2016@njtech.edu.cn

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