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电流密度与离子浓度对电渗析分离Na+/Mg2+的影响

作者：陈舒琦，向文毓，董婷，韩旻媛，韩乐

单位：重庆大学环境与生态学院，三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400045

关键词：电渗析；选择透过系数；电流密度；离子浓度；选择性离子交换膜

DOI号：

分类号： TQ028 ;X703

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2022,42(2):56-63

摘要：

基于离子交换膜的电渗析工艺具有良好的离子选择性分离潜力，而实际应用中，面对波动的水质条件，如何通过调控电流密度及离子浓度等关键参数以高效分离不同价态反离子亟待明晰。本文探讨了标准型/选择型阳离子交换膜体系下，电流密度、离子总浓度和离子浓度比对单价/二价阳离子选择性分离的影响规律，并解析了其中内在机理。结果表明，提升操作电流在任意膜体系下均可促进单价Na+的优先迁移（二价离子选择透过系数减小5%~76%），这与扩散边界层中单价阳离子的较快迁移有关；溶液的离子浓度对选择透过系数的影响在选择性不同的膜体系下呈现相反的规律。本研究为电渗析工艺应用中离子间精准分离的实现提供了参考和指导。

The ion-exchange membrane based electrodialysis shows clear potential for counter-ions separation. Towards fluctuating water characteristics, best use of the governing operating parameters to efficiently and selectively separate monovalent / divalent ions require to be clarified. In this work, the effects of current density, total ion concentration and ion concentration ratio on the selective separation of monovalent / divalent cations in different membrane systems were discussed, and the key control factors and internal mechanism were analyzed. The results show that the selective membrane CSO exhibited preferred migration of Na+ than the standard membrane CMV, and EIS analysis further stated that the existence of additional functional layers on the surface of the selective membrane increased the resistance of the membrane interface including electric double layer and diffusion boundary layer by 3-40 times compared with the control, significantly strengthened its impedance effect on divalent ion migration. Increasing the operating current promoted the selective permeability of Na+ in any membrane system. The rapid transfer of monovalent cations in the diffusion boundary layer led to the reduction of divalent ion selective permeability by 5% - 76%. The effect of ion concentration on the counter-ions permselectivity was opposite in different membrane systems. Overall, this work is a potential reference and guidance towards achieving effectively counter-ions selectivity particularly in real applications of electrodialysis.

基金项目：

重庆市留学人员回国创业创新支持计划“基于电渗析脱盐技术的页岩气开采废液资源化处置与循环利用”项目（CX2018004）。

作者简介：

陈舒琦（2000-），女，浙江瑞安，本科，电渗析脱盐

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