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酶膜反应器与手性分离膜在功能性糖生产中的应用展望

作者：洪兰，蒋尚昆，刘美玲，朱玥明，石婷，汪勇，孙世鹏

单位： 1南京工业大学化工学院材料化学工程国家重点实验室，江苏南京 211816； 2中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所，天津 300308

关键词：功能性稀少糖；酶膜反应器；手性分离；固定化酶

DOI号：

分类号： TQ050.4

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2022,42(2):146-153

摘要：

功能性糖，尤其是功能性稀少糖是一类具有低热量、低吸收，且具备特殊生理功效的糖，目前主要通过酶催化反应制备。但酶促反应中酶的稳定性差、催化效率低、互为对映异构体的原料与产物等体系中分离困难限制了其进一步发展。因此，如何解决上述问题从而推进其大规模制备是当前研究的重点。将酶促反应与膜分离过程耦合制备酶膜反应器，不仅可以控制低聚糖的相对分子质量分布范围，而且能在反应过程中将产物及时移除，有效缓解抑制反应的发生。但已报道的酶膜反应器主要用于分离酶和糖，互为对映异构体的糖需通过色谱进一步分离纯化，导致成本增加。因此，针对功能性糖的制备，本文就酶膜反应器与手性分离技术展开详细叙述，并对将二者结合的多功能膜在功能性稀少糖制备与纯化中的应用前景进行展望。

Functional sugars, especially functional rare sugars, are sugars with low calories and special physiological properties. They are mainly produced by enzymatic reactions to date. However, its further development is limited by unfavorable factors such as poor stability, low catalytic efficiency and difficulty in separation of enantiomers from raw materials. Therefore, more attention should be paid to solve the above problems and promote its large-scale preparation. The enzymatic membrane reactors are prepared by coupling enzyme-catalyzed reaction with membrane separation process. The molecular weight distribution of oligosaccharides is controlled and the products are removed in time during the reaction process, which effectively alleviates the inhibition reaction. Nevertheless, the reported enzymatic membrane reactors are mainly used for the separation of enzymes and sugars. The sugars which are enantiomers need to be further isolated and purified by chromatography, resulting in increased cost. Therefore, for the production of functional sugars, this review describes the enzymatic membrane reactors and chiral separation technology in detail. The article will also discuss the prospects of multifunctional membranes in the production and purification of functional rare sugars.

基金项目：

天津合成生物技术创新能力提升项目（TSBICIP-KJGG-003-20）

作者简介：

洪兰（1999-），女，贵州安顺人，硕士研究生，研究方向为有机纳滤膜的制备及应用

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