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界面聚合法制备低压中空纤维纳滤复合膜

作者：张梁，王涛，姚冬雪，关悦，孟建强

单位：天津工业大学，省部共建分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室，材料科学与工程学院，天津 300387

关键词：界面聚合；纳滤；中空纤维膜；低压；薄层复合膜

DOI号：

分类号： TQ028 ；TB324

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2024,44(2):80-88

摘要：

现有中空纤维纳滤膜在实际应用中能耗较高。采用干湿法纺丝技术制备聚砜（PSf）中空纤维超滤膜作为基膜，分别选用哌嗪（PIP）和均苯三甲酰氯（TMC）为水相单体和有机相单体，通过界面聚合工艺的优化，成功制备了低压中空纤维纳滤膜。用扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜对膜表面形貌进行表征，用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和X 射线光电子能谱仪分析膜表面的化学结构和元素组成，测试了复合膜的表面水接触角、Zeta电位、截留分子量和孔径分布，研究了单体浓度、界面聚合反应时间以及测试压力对复合膜性能的影响并确定了最佳的工艺条件。结果表明，优化的低压中空纤维纳滤膜具有低交联度的聚酰胺功能层，在0.2 MPa的测试压力下，纯水通量达到（16.0±0.4） L/（m2·h），对浓度为1000 ppm的盐溶液的截留率为Na2SO4（94.2%±0.9%）> MgSO4（92.2%±0.9%）> MgCl2（51.0%±0.5%）> NaCl（9.5%±0.3%），表现出优异的Na2SO4/NaCl选择性。

In recent years, hollow fiber nanofiltration membranes have received continuous attention due to high packing density. However, the energy consumption of existing hollow fiber nanofiltration membranes is relatively high in practical applications. In this paper, firstly, polysulfone (PSf) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane was prepared via dry-wet spinning technology as the substrate membrane. Piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) were selected as aqueous monomer and organic monomer, respectively. Through the optimization of interfacial polymerization conditions, low-pressure hollow fiber nanofiltration membranes were successfully prepared. The surface morphology of the membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. The chemical structure and element composition of the membrane surface were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Water contact angle and Zeta potential of the membrane surface, molecular weight cut off and pore size distribution of the composite membrane were investigated. The effect of interfacial polymerization monomer concentration, reaction time and testing pressure on the performance of composite membranes were studied and the optimal process conditions were determined. The results show that the optimized low-pressure hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane has a low cross-linking degree polyamide functional layer. Under a test pressure of 0.2 MPa, the pure water flux reaches （16.0 ± 0.4 ）L/（m2·h）, and the rejection rates for salt solutions with a concentration of 1000 ppm are Na2SO4 (94.2 %± 0.9%)>MgSO4 (92.2 %± 0.9%)>MgCl2 (51.0% ± 0.5%)>NaCl (9.5% ± 0.3%), exhibiting excellent Na2SO4/NaCl selectivity.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金（22075206）

作者简介：

张梁（1996-），男，河南开封人，硕士研究生，研究方向为中空纤维纳滤膜制备及性能研究，E-mail： 290618586@qq.com

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