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基于界面反应的渗透汽化复合膜制备及其脱盐性能研究

作者：陈茵，林丽萍，何欣平，吴东云，郭佳鑫，伊春海

单位：西安交通大学化学工程与技术学院，西安 710049

关键词：界面反应；渗透汽化；复合膜；脱盐

DOI号：

分类号： TQ 028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2024,44(4):75-84

摘要：

渗透汽化膜技术在高浓盐水处理等方面具有潜在应用价值。本研究采用儿茶素(EGCG)和乙烯胺-乙烯醇(VA-co-VAm)共聚物2种亲水性材料，通过界面反应在疏水性聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜上制备了用于渗透汽化脱盐的复合膜。通过调整共聚物和EGCG的沉积时间、反应浓度等制膜参数，控制复合膜选择层的结构。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)等分析方法研究复合膜的微观结构和理化特性。结果表明，复合膜具有出色的渗透汽化性能，进料60 ℃、35 g/L NaCl盐水，水通量可达33.19 kg/(m2 h)，盐截留率高于99.99%。在不同温度和盐质量浓度下，复合膜均表现出卓越的脱盐性能。

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is widely used in desalination membrane materials due to its outstanding hydrophilicity. However, its high hydroxyl content can lead to excessive swelling, thereby affecting membrane separation performance. In this study, we propose a novel method for interfacial crosslinking of ethylene alcohol-ethylene amine copolymers (VA-co-VAm), which contain both amino and hydroxyl groups. A reaction takes place between the amino-rich VA-co-VAm and the hydroxyl-rich epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) under alkaline conditions, resulting in a crosslinked structure. By adjusting the film-forming parameters, such as deposition time and reaction concentration of the copolymer and EGCG, we can precisely control the structure of the composite membrane. Various analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were used to investigate the microstructure and physicochemical properties of the modified composite membrane. Experimental results demonstrate that the modified composite membrane exhibits excellent pervaporation performance, with the ability to process 35 g/L NaCl saltwater at a rate of 33.19 kg/（m2 h）, while maintaining a salt rejection rate exceeding 99.99%. Furthermore, the composite membrane demonstrates remarkable desalination performance across different temperatures and saltwater concentrations. Particularly, at 70 °C, the water flux reaches 37.7 kg/（m2 h）. Composite membranes prepared through interfacial reactions display exceptional desalination capabilities, offering a novel solution for efficient seawater desalination and presenting significant prospects in the field of wastewater treatment.

基金项目：

陕西省自然科学基金项目（2023-JC-ZD-26）

作者简介：

陈茵（1999-），女，陕西韩城人，硕士研究生，email：chenyin9909@163.com

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