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基于聚烯烃膜的海水淡化污水处理联动工艺

作者：靳顺龙，任晓芳，孙亚军，况武，王振，曹阳

单位：北京碧水源膜科技有限公司

关键词： FO；聚烯烃；海水淡化；污水

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2025.01.016

分类号： TQ028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2025,45(1):146-155

摘要：

海水淡化和污水处理是目前解决水资源危机的重要手段，然而两种技术都面临运行成本较高的问题.通过构建基于聚烯烃膜(PE) 的正渗透(FO) 海水稀释耦合反渗透(RO) 的海水淡化工艺(PEFO-RO)，同步实现污水减量化.研究发现，PEFO膜依靠其薄的特性，在海水为汲取液、生活污水为原液时，可以实现高达32 L/(m2·h)的渗透通量，是目前常规膜渗透通量的2倍以上.此外，汲取液的流速或浓度越高，膜的渗透通量越大.通过该工艺，海水可以被稀释1.6倍，盐的质量分数由2.5%降至1.3%，同时污水被浓缩1.9倍，大幅实现减量化处理.此外，PEFO对污水中的TDS、Mg2+、Ca2+、K+、Na+、SO2-4、TN、TP和COD的截留率分别达到了95.1%、98.1%、87.7%、61.2%、99.7%、96.8%、73.9%、88.6%和86.9%，实现了对污染物的有效截留.此外，相较于传统RO，PEFO-RO工艺有望大幅降低高压泵投资，并且每年降低70%的电费.

Seawater desalination and sewage treatment are important means to solve the water crisis at present. However, both technologies are facing higher operating costs. The forward osmosis (FO)- reverse osmosis (RO) coupling process based on polyolefin membrane (PE) was constructed to pre-desalinate seawater and simultaneously reduce sewage. It is found that PEFO membrane can achieve a permeation flux as high as 32 L/(m2·h), which is more than twice that of conventional membrane, depending on its thin characteristics when seawater is used as the extraction liquid and domestic sewage is used as the stock solution. In addition, the higher the flow rate or concentration of the extract, the higher the permeation flux of the membrane. Through this process, the seawater can be diluted by 1.6 times, the salinity can be reduced from 2.5% to 1.3%, and the sewage can be concentrated by 1.9 times, which greatly realizes the reduction treatment. In addition, the rejection rates of TDS，Mg2+，Ca2+，K+，Na+，SO2-4，TN，TP and COD reached 95.1%, 98.1%, 87.7%, 61.2%, 99.7%, 96.8%, 73.9%, 88.6% and 86.9%, respectively. In addition, compared with the traditional RO, the PEFO-RO process is expected to greatly reduce the investment of high-pressure pump and reduce the electricity bill by 70% every year.

基金项目：

国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFB3810904）

作者简介：

靳顺龙（1990-），男，山东泰安人，博士，工程师，主要研究方向为有价物料回收、反渗透膜元件开发、膜法水处理技术、家用净水等领域.

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