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陶瓷超滤膜在壳寡糖分离中的应用研究

作者：韩晴¹，闻娟娟²，周唤宇¹，陈献富¹，邱鸣慧¹，范益群¹

单位： 1.南京工业大学化工学院材料化学工程国家重点实验室，南京 211816； 2. 南京工业大学食品与轻工学院，南京 211816

关键词：陶瓷膜；壳寡糖；超滤；分离

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2025.02.018

分类号： TQ028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2025,45(2):153-161

摘要：

本文采用小孔径陶瓷超滤膜分离特定聚合度区间的壳寡糖，研究了操作条件如壳寡糖溶液的pH、浓度、温度以及操作压力对陶瓷膜分离壳寡糖性能的影响，并对操作参数进行优化。所用的小孔径陶瓷超滤膜截留分子量为5 000，纯水通量约为650 L/(m2·h)。研究表明，在pH为7时，膜分离过程中电荷对壳寡糖分离的影响较弱，主要依靠陶瓷膜孔径进行尺寸筛分。壳寡糖粗品溶液浓度越高，黏度越大，分离过程中浓差极化现象严重，DP2~5壳寡糖的透过率下降，当质量浓度为10 g/L时小孔径超滤膜通量较高，DP2~5壳寡糖的透过率最高。温度对膜分离过程中壳寡糖的截留性能影响较小，但料液温度越高，通量越大，温度35 ℃为最佳膜分离温度。膜分离过程中跨膜压差越大，DP2~5壳寡糖的截留率越高，跨膜压差0.1 MPa为最佳操作条件。此外，还考察了小孔径超滤膜分离过程中的稳定性，在连续运行720 min的过程中，陶瓷膜的通量及DP2~5壳寡糖的透过率都基本保持稳定，稳定通量在130 L/(m2·h)左右，分离因子可达到15。小孔径超滤膜在特定聚合度区间壳寡糖精准高效分离方面展现了良好的应用前景。

Tight ceramic ultrafiltration membranes were utilized to separate chitosan oligosaccharide within a specific degree of polymerization range. The effects of operating conditions, including pH, concentration of chitosan oligosaccharide solution, temperature and operating pressure on separation performance were investigated, leading to optimization of the operating parameters. A tight ceramic ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 5 000 and a pure water flux of approximately 650 L/(m2·h) was employed. The results showed that at pH 7, the influence of charge on chitosan oligosaccharides was weak in the process of membrane separation, which mainly depended on the pore size of ceramic membrane for screening. Higher concentrations of crude chitosan oligosaccharide solutions led to increased viscosity and significant concentration polarization, reducing the transmittance of DP2~5 chitosan oligosaccharides. At a concentration of 10 g/L, the flux of the ultrafiltration membrane was maximized, along with the highest transmittance of DP2~5 chitosan oligosaccharides. Temperature had a minor effect on retention performance during membrane separation; however, higher feed temperatures enhanced flux, with an optimal separation temperature of 35 ℃. Increased transmembrane pressure difference resulted in higher retention of DP2~5 chitosan oligosaccharides, with the optimal operating condition being a transmembrane pressure difference of 0.1 MPa. In addition, the stability of tight ultrafiltration membrane during separation process was evaluated. During continuous operation for 720 min, the flux of ceramic membrane and the transmittance of DP2~5 chitosan oligosaccharides were basically stable, with a stable flux of about 130 L/(m2·h) and a separation factor of 15. Tight ceramic ultrafiltration membranes have demonstrated promising application prospects in the precise and efficient separation of chitosan oligosaccharides within specific DP ranges.

基金项目：

国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3805001)；国家自然科学基金项目(21921006，22408162)

作者简介：

韩晴(1998-)，女，江苏连云港人，硕士研究生，主要从事膜分离材料的研究与应用

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