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高通量抗污染聚酰胺复合膜的制备及性能

作者：刘新典，戴磊，庄思杰，孙昌，龙柱

单位：江南大学纺织科学与工程学院短纤维功能材料研究室，无锡 214122

关键词：聚酰胺复合膜；抗污染性能；高渗透性；聚乙烯醇；羧甲基纤维素

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2025.03.007

分类号： TQ028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2025,45(3):66-77

摘要：

通过物理涂覆交联方式，以戊二醛(GA)为交联剂，在聚酰胺(PA)复合膜表面构建聚乙烯醇(PVA)涂层的基础上，以羧甲基纤维素(CMC)为添加剂提高其渗透性能及抗污染性能。研究表明，当PVA的质量分数为1.0%、CMC的质量分数为0.2%时，制得的含PVA-1.0/CMC-0.2/GA涂层的聚酰胺复合膜纯水通量为53.2 L/(m2·h)，相较于仅含PVA-1.0/GA涂层的膜[纯水通量为46.5 L/(m2·h)]，纯水通量提升了14.4%。这一提升归因于PVA相对规整且含有大量的羟基，易通过氢键形成结晶区，从而阻碍水分子的渗透；而CMC的加入降低了涂层的结晶度，从而改善了膜的水渗透性。抗污染实验结果表明，与原始聚酰胺膜相比，PVA/GA和PVA/CMC/GA涂层显著提升了聚酰胺复合膜的抗污染性能，且添加CMC后，涂层的渗透性得到了显著提高。这种高纯水通量且抗污染的复合膜在水处理、分离及环境净化等领域具有广泛的应用前景。

By employing a physical coating-crosslinking method using glutaraldehyde (GA) as the crosslinking agent, a polyethylene glycol (PVA) coating was constructed on the surface of a polyamide (PA) composite membrane. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was used as an additive to enhance its permeability and anti-fouling properties. The study demonstrated that when the mass fraction of PVA was 1.0% and the mass fraction of CMC was 0.2%, the resulting PA composite membrane with a PVA-1.0/CMC-0.2/GA coating achieved a pure water flux of 53.2 L/(m2·h), which was a 14.4% increase in pure water flux compared to the membrane with only a PVA-1.0/GA coating [pure water flux of 46.5 L/(m2·h)].This improvement was attributed to the relatively regular structure of PVA, which contains a large number of hydroxyl groups that can form crystalline regions through hydrogen bonding, thereby hindering the permeation of water molecules. The addition of CMC reduced the crystallinity of the coating, thereby improving the membrane’s water permeability. Anti-fouling experiments indicated that compared to the pristine PA membrane, the PVA/GA and PVA/CMC/GA coatings significantly enhanced the anti-fouling performance of the polyamide composite membrane, with the addition of CMC further improving the permeability of the coating. This high-purity water flux and anti-fouling composite membrane has broad application prospects in water treatment, separation, and environmental purification.

基金项目：

作者简介：

刘新典（1999-），河南南阳人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为聚酰胺膜抗污染涂层的制备及水处理应用

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