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聚酰胺薄膜界面聚合动态观测与微观机制研究

作者：王若湲，杨天祥，张会书，赵颂

单位：天津大学化工学院，天津市膜科学与海水淡化技术重点实验室，化学工程与低碳技术全国重点实验室（天津大学），天津 300072

关键词：聚酰胺薄膜；界面聚合；粒子图像测速；流体动力学；性能优化

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2025.04.004

分类号： TQ028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2025,45(4):32-42

摘要：

本研究采用粒子图像测速技术对聚酰胺薄膜的界面聚合成膜过程进行实时动态观测。结合流体动力学分析、形貌表征及分离性能测试，系统揭示了成膜过程的微观机制及其对膜结构与性能的影响。研究结果表明，聚酰胺界面聚合过程可分为单体扩散-反应、马兰戈尼调控和薄膜自抑制三个关键阶段，各阶段展现出独特的流体力学行为。聚酰胺复合膜的渗透通量和截留率与成膜过程呈现出显著的对应关系。研究阐明了流体动力学行为与薄膜形成之间的内在联系，为聚酰胺复合膜的制备工艺优化及性能调控提供了理论支撑。

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基金项目：

国家自然科学基金项目（22278304）

作者简介：

王若湲（1999-），女，内蒙古鄂尔多斯人，硕士研究生，主要从事聚酰胺界面聚合成膜过程研究

参考文献：

This work employed particle image velocimetry (PIV) to conduct real-time dynamic observation of the interfacial polymerization process during polyamide film formation. Based on hydrodynamic analysis, morphological characterization and separation performance, the research systematically elucidated the microscopic mechanism of film formation and their impact on the structure and properties of the membranes. The findings revealed that the interfacial polymerization process of polyamide film could be divided into three critical stages: monomer diffusion-reaction, Marangoni regulation, and film self-inhibition, each exhibiting unique hydrodynamic behaviors. A significant correlation was observed between water permeance and salt rejection of the polyamide composite membranes and the film formation process. The study clarified the intrinsic relationship between hydrodynamic behavior and film formation, providing theoretical support for the optimization of preparation techniques and performance regulation of polyamide composite membranes.

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