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高分子烧结法制备窄孔径分布的疏水PTFE/陶瓷复合膜

作者：孙薇¹，²，刘沛¹，李文锐¹，陈献富¹，邱鸣慧¹，范益群¹

单位： 1. 南京工业大学材料化学工程国家重点实验室化工学院，南京 211816； 2. 清源创新实验室，泉州 362801

关键词： PTFE；颗粒堆积；陶瓷膜；疏水；大豆油脱水

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2025.04.005

分类号： TQ174

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2025,45(4):43-52

摘要：

多孔疏水膜材料在油品净化、高盐废水处理等领域具有重要的应用价值。PTFE膜材料具有优异的疏水性和稳定性，但如何提升其孔结构的均匀性一直是困扰行业的难题。本文提出基于高分子烧结法在大孔陶瓷载体表面制备PTFE膜层。系统研究了非离子活性剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和聚乙烯醇的用量对PTFE微粉分散和稳定性的影响,并考察了PTFE涂覆量对复合膜表面形貌及抽滤压力对膜层微结构的影响。优化制备的PTFE/陶瓷膜平均孔径约为370 nm，膜厚约为19 μm，水滴接触角约为152°。将该膜应用于大豆油脱水，当油水比为5∶1(质量比)，操作温度为45 ℃时，油通量达到35 L/(m2·h)，水分去除率超过99%，展现出良好的应用前景。

Porous hydrophobic membrane materials hold significant value in applications such as oil purification and high-salinity wastewater treatment. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes are known for their excellent hydrophobicity and stability. However, achieving uniform pore structures remains a persistent challenge in the industry. This study proposes a method for fabricating PTFE membrane layers on the surface of macroporous ceramic supports using a polymer sintering approach. A systematic investigation was conducted on the effects of nonionic surfactants, specifically fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and polyvinyl alcohol, on the dispersion and stability of PTFE micropowder. Furthermore, the study examined how PTFE coating thickness influenced the composite membrane’s surface morphology, as well as the impact of filtration pressure on the microstructure of the membrane layer. The optimized PTFE/ceramic membrane achieved an average pore size of approximately 370 nm, a membrane thickness of about 19 μm, and a water contact angle of roughly 152°. When applied to soybean oil dehydration, the membrane demonstrated an oil flux of 35 L/（m2·h） at an oil-to-water ratio of 5∶1 and the operating temperature was 45 ℃, with a water removal efficiency exceeding 99%. These results highlight the membrane’s promising potential for practical applications.

基金项目：

国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFB3805001）；清源创新实验室重大项目（00122003）；吉安市“揭榜挂帅”项目（pzzy-wtht-20220117014）

作者简介：

孙薇（1999-），女，江苏连云港人，硕士研究生，从事分离膜的制备与应用研究

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