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协同调控PVDF膜极性晶型与渗透性的研究

作者：常延姣，王启政，王业斐，孔晓

单位：江苏海洋大学环境与化学工程学院，连云港 222005

关键词：电活性PVDF膜； “离子-偶极”相互作用；晶型；渗透性

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2025.05.007

分类号： TQ028; TB324

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2025,45(5):66-72

摘要：

高纯β晶型的PVDF膜在催化、分离等领域有着许多重要的创新性应用，非溶剂致相分离法是制备PVDF膜最常见的方法之一，但却面临着提升极性β相含量与提升渗透性之间难以兼得的挑战。本研究基于油酸钠（SO）与PVDF之间的“离子-偶极”作用，通过研究SO对于PVDF膜的晶体结构、孔径结构以及分离、抗污染性能的影响，制备出了兼具高通量与高β晶型含量的PVDF膜。研究发现，SO的引入使得所制备的PVDF膜的β相含量从71%上升至84%，水通量从由267 L/(m2·h)大幅增加到412 L/(m2·h)，同时，得益于PVDF膜中极性β晶型含量的提升，所制备的PVDF膜的抗污染能力也得到了提高，膜的通量恢复率从41.5%升高至81.4%。本研究基于“离子-偶极”作用提出的调控PVDF膜晶型的方法简单高效，对于高纯β晶型PVDF膜的规模化制备与应用具有重要参考意义。

PVDF membranes with high-purity β-phase have numerous important innovative applications in fields such as catalysis and separation. The non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method is one of the most common techniques for preparing PVDF membranes, but it faces the challenge of balancing the improvement of polar β-phase content and the enhancement of membrane permeability, as these two properties are often difficult to achieve simultaneously. In this study, based on the “ion-dipole” interaction between sodium oleate (SO) and PVDF, the effects of SO on the crystal structure, pore size distribution, separation performance and antifouling ability of PVDF membranes were investigated, and successfully prepared PVDF membranes with both high flux and high β-phase content. The results showed that the introduction of SO increased the β-phase content of the prepared PVDF membranes from 71% to 84%. Meanwhile, the water flux significantly increased from 267 L/(m2·h) to 412 L/(m2·h). Benefiting from the enhanced polar β-phase content, the antifouling ability of the PVDF membranes was also improved, with the flux recovery rate increasing from 41.5% to 81.4%. The SO-mediated β-phase regulation method based on “ion-dipole” interaction proposed in this study is simple and efficient, which holds important reference significance for the large-scale preparation and application of high-purity β-phase PVDF membranes.

基金项目：

连云港市重大技术攻关-揭榜挂帅项目（CGJBGS2105)

作者简介：

常延姣（1993-），女，山东邹城人，讲师，博士研究生，研究方向为压电膜材料的制备与应用

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