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超亲水/水下超疏油TA/PVP/CNT膜的制备及其性能研究

作者：邱春霞，董鑫，刘宇，徐源潞，范新飞，宋成文

单位： 1. 交通运输部规划研究院，北京 100028； 2. 大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院, 大连 116026； 3. 国投曹妃甸港口有限公司, 唐山 063200

关键词：超亲水/水下超疏油；碳纳米管；高效油水分离

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2025.05.009

分类号： R136.3+3； TQ320.72+1

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2025,45(5):86-99

摘要：

各种工业活动排放的含油废水对生态环境及人类健康造成严重威胁，膜分离因具有操作简便、能耗低、选择性高等优点广泛应用于含油废水处理。本研究将碳纳米管（CNT）沉积在醋酸纤维素（CA-CN）膜上构建纳米级孔径，并引入单宁酸（TA）和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）形成水凝胶层，制备出纳米粗糙结构的超亲水/水下超疏油TA/PVP/CNT复合膜。该复合膜呈现出优异的超亲水/水下超疏油性能，能够高效分离多种油水混合物和表面活性剂稳定的水包油乳液(如正己烷、食用油、十六烷、液体石蜡、异辛烷)，其分离效率可达99.61%。此外，经过10次水包油乳液循环过滤后，该复合膜的分离性能仍然保持在高水平，这表明TA/PVP/CNT复合膜在长期使用中具有良好的稳定性和抗污染能力。TA/PVP/CNT复合膜具有优越的分离性能和绿色环保的制备方法，在含油废水处理领域具有广阔应用前景。

Oily wastewater discharged from various industrial activities poses a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health. Membrane separation is widely used in the treatment of oily wastewater due to its advantages of simple operation, low energy consumption and high selectivity. In this paper, carbon nanotube (CNT) was deposited on cellulose acetate (CA-CN) membranes to construct nanoscale pores, and tannic acid (TA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were introduced to form a hydrogel layer, preparing a nanorough-structured superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic TA/PVP/CNT composite membrane. This composite membrane exhibited excellent superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic properties, capable of efficiently separating various oil-water mixtures and oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by surfactants (such as n-hexane, edible oil, cetane, liquid paraffin, isooctane), with a separation efficiency of up to 99.61%. Furthermore, after 10 cycles of oil-in-water emulsion filtration, the separation performance of this composite membrane remained at a high level, which indicates that the TA/PVP/CNT composite membrane has good stability and anti-pollution ability during long-term use. The TA/PVP/CNT composite membrane demonstrates superior separation performance and a green and environmentally friendly preparation method, indicating broad application prospects in the field of oily wastewater treatment.

基金项目：

国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFC3108300）

作者简介：

邱春霞（1979-），女，辽宁东港人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为油污水膜分离技术

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