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超声时域反射技术对膜污染形成与演变规律的监测与研究

作者：王建宇，王梓旭，崔振宇

单位： 1. 凯里学院理学院，凯里 556011； 2. 天津工业大学材料科学与工程学院，天津 300387

关键词：超滤；超声监测；污染层；微结构；运行参数

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2025.05.010

分类号： TQ028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2025,45(5):100-111

摘要：

通过在聚偏氟乙烯/苯乙烯-马来酸酐（PVDF/SMA）平板膜表面引入聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）以及ε-聚赖氨酸（ε-PL）制备了对腐殖酸（HA）具有高抗污染功效的亲水改性膜，利用超声时域反射技术（UTDR）对膜污染和清洗过程进行了实时无损监测，探究膜表面污染层的形成、演变规律以及可逆污染向不可逆污染的转化规律。结果表明，依据UTDR技术计算所得膜表面污染层厚度及致密度等数据与实测的结果有较好的吻合性，从而验证了该技术在表征滤饼层厚度、致密度等微结构参数的有效性,以及前期研究所提出的“吸附絮凝-疏松滤饼层保护”主动抗污染机制的正确性。此外，通过研究膜表面滤饼层的演化规律得出了过滤时间在2 h以内、清洗时间30 min的运行参数可有效减少不可逆污染的形成。本研究为UTDR技术研究膜污染层微结构、优化膜过程运行参数等方面提供了一定的借鉴。

Polyvinylidene fluoride/styrene-maleic anhydride (PVDF/SMA) flat membrane was modified with polyethyleneimine (PEI) and ε-polylysine (ε-PL) to prepare a modified membrane with high anti fouling effect on humic acid (HA). The membrane fouling and cleaning process were monitored in real time and non destructively by ultrasonic time domain reflectance technique (UTDR) to explore the formation and evolution of the fouling layer on the membrane surface and the transformation from reversible pollution to irreversible pollution. The results showed that the thickness and density of the fouling layer on the membrane surface calculated by UTDR were in good agreement with the observed results, which verified the effectiveness of UTDR in characterizing the microstructure parameters such as the thickness and density of the filter cake layer and the correctness of the active anti fouling mechanism of “adsorption flocculation loose filter cake layer protection” proposed in the previous research. In addition, by studying the evolution law of the cake layer on the membrane surface, the optimal operation parameters were obtained, which could effectively reduce the formation of irreversible pollution when the filtration time was less than 2 h and the cleaning time was 30 min. This study provides a reference for UTDR to study the microstructure of membrane fouling layer and optimize the operation parameters of membrane process.

基金项目：

凯里学院校级科研项目（2025ZD007）; 国家自然科学基金面上项目（22178267）

作者简介：

王建宇(1974-)，男，贵州望谟人，博士，主要从事膜材料与膜应用研究

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