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磷酸酯基半互穿网络膜对Li(Ⅰ)的电萃传质研究

作者：刘星凡，孟晓荣

单位： 1. 西安建筑科技大学化学与化工学院，西安 710055； 2. 陕西省膜分离技术研究院，西安 710054

关键词：半互穿网络；磷酸氢二（甲基丙烯酰氧乙基）酯；聚合物膜；锂萃取；传质

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2025.06.007

分类号： TQ317.4

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2025,45(6):61-69

摘要：

绿色低碳的膜萃取技术在锂资源提取领域具有重要的意义。为解决传统聚合物包容膜因萃取剂流失导致的性能不稳定问题，本研究以磷酸氢二（甲基丙烯酰氧乙基）酯（B2MP）为单体、聚（偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯）共聚物（PVDF-HFP）为基础聚合物骨架、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯（DOP）为塑化剂，经紫外引发聚合，得到了键合磷酸酯基团的半互穿网络型锂萃取膜（PSIPN-D）。优化了PSIPN-D膜的组成，考察了两相溶液环境和外场电压对PSIPN-D提锂效率的影响规律，研究了PSIPN-D的传质机制。结果表明：PSIPN-D对Li(Ⅰ)的传质为离子交换机制；B2MP含量增大有利于提高传质速率，但过量会因交联过度导致团聚；电场可有效强化Li(Ⅰ)的传质速率，但会降低PSIPN-D的锂选择性。优化的PSIPN4/3-D3.5膜在10 V电压下Li(Ⅰ)的渗透系数（P）达1.66 μm/s，对200 mg/L锂溶液的膜效为504.94 mg/(m2·h)，且连续10次循环中P值未明显衰减，表现出优异的稳定性与高效的提锂能力。

The green and low-carbon membrane extraction technology is of great significance in the field of lithium resource extraction. In order to solve the problem of unstable performance of traditional polymer inclusion membranes （PIMs） due to the loss of extractant, in this study, semi-interpenetrating network-type lithium extraction membranes (PSIPN-D) with bonded phosphate ester groups were obtained by UV-initiated polymerization using bis(methacryloyloxyethyl) phosphate (B2MP) as the monomer, poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) copolymer (PVDF-HFP) as the base polymer backbone, and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) as the plasticizer. The membrane composition of PSIPN-D was optimized, and the influence laws of two-phase solution environment and external field voltage on the lithium extraction efficiency of PSIPN-D were investigated, and the mass transfer mechanism of PSIPN-D was studied. The results showed that the mass transfer of Li(Ⅰ) by PSIPN-D was an ion-exchange mechanism; an increase in the content of B2MP was favorable for the improvement of the mass transfer rate, but an excessive amount would lead to agglomeration due to excessive cross-linking; the electric field could effectively strengthen the mass transfer rate of Li(Ⅰ), but it would reduce the lithium selectivity of PSIPN-D. The optimized PSIPN4/3-D3.5 membrane showed a permeability coefficient (P) of 1.66 μm/s for Li(Ⅰ) at 10 V, and a membrane efficiency of 504.94 mg/(m2·h) for 200 mg/L lithium solution, and the P value did not decay in 10 consecutive cycles, which demonstrated an excellent stability and high efficiency of lithium extraction.

基金项目：

国家重点研究发展计划项目(2022YFC2904304-01)

作者简介：

刘星凡（2000-），女，陕西西安人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为膜分离.

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