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浸没式中空纤维膜通量分布特性分析

作者：关欢欢¹，王丽¹，魏来¹，仲崇方¹，张颖¹，车淑娟¹，俞开昌¹，黄霞²

单位： 1. 北京碧水源科技股份有限公司，北京 102206； 2. 清华大学环境学院，北京 100084

关键词：流体力学；计算模型； CFD；通量分布；渗透阻力

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2026.01.005

分类号： TQ028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2026,46(1):48-55

摘要：

通量分布特性是膜材料从理论走向应用的核心支撑，本研究综合运用理论建模、计算流体力学（CFD）和实验测试三种方法研究浸没式中空纤维膜的通量分布特性，以期为膜产品的设计、开发和运行等提供理论依据。首先依据流体力学理论建立膜丝内部通量分布的简化计算模型；然后采用CFD方法，获得膜丝内部压力场分布；最后通过实验方法，从抽吸方式、平均通量及渗透阻力三个方面，对膜丝内部通量分布进行实测。结果表明，简化计算模型与CFD流场模拟和实验测试结果相互印证，规律及结论具有统一性，验证了计算模型的有效性。主要得出以下结论：膜丝沿长度方向抽吸存在通量分布的不均匀性，且随距离增大，局部通量逐渐降低；双端抽吸方式优于单端抽吸，首次通过CFD及实验测试方法验证双端抽吸下存在“突跃区域”；在相同条件下，以PVDF材质为代表的大渗透阻力超滤膜通量分布均匀性优于小渗透阻力微滤膜，但其阻力损失也更大。

The flux distribution characteristics are the core support for the transition of membrane materials from theory to application. By comprehensively applying three approaches - theoretical modeling, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental testing, this study investigated the flux distribution characteristics of submerged hollow fiber membranes, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the design, development and operation of membrane products.First, a simplified calculation model for the flux distribution inside membrane fibers was established based on fluid mechanics theory. Then, CFD was employed to obtain the pressure field distribution inside the fibers. Finally, experimental methods were used to measure the flux distribution within the fibers from three aspects: suction mode, average flux and permeation resistance.The results showed that the simplified calculation model was consistent with both CFD flow field simulations and experimental test results, confirming the model’s validity and demonstrating unified patterns and conclusions. The main findings include: Along the length of the membrane fiber, flux distribution was non-uniform during suction, and the local flux gradually decreased with increasing distance. Double-end suction was superior to single-end suction, and for the first time, CFD and experimental tests confirmed the existence of a “jump region” under double-end suction. Under identical conditions, ultrafiltration membranes with high permeation resistance (represented by PVDF material) exhibited better flux distribution uniformity compared to microfiltration membranes with low permeation resistance, though they also suffered from greater resistance loss.

基金项目：

国家重点研发计划项目“城市污水高品质再生关键技术及装备”（2022YFC3203101）

作者简介：

关欢欢（1991-），女，河北石家庄人，工程师，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为膜产品开发及污水处理

参考文献：

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