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聚乙烯醇辅助的抗污染高通量Fe2O3/Al2O3陶瓷复合超滤膜制备

作者：卫晶茹¹，²，陈国硙¹，陈献富¹，柯威¹，邱鸣慧¹，蔡大牛³，陈杰³，范益群¹

单位： 1. 材料化学工程国家重点实验室南京工业大学化工学院，南京 211816； 2. 清源创新实验室，泉州 362801； 3. 泉州师范学院，泉州 362000

关键词：氧化铁；陶瓷复合膜；聚乙烯醇；抗污染；油水分离

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2026.01.007

分类号： TQ174

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2026,46(1):67-77

摘要：

陶瓷膜因孔径分布窄、亲水性强等优势在含油废水处理方面备受关注。为开发抗污染高通量陶瓷膜，本研究采用具有高亲水性的Fe2O3作为膜层材料，结合聚乙烯醇（PVA）的空间位阻效应，在大孔Al2O3载体上制备完整无缺陷的Fe2O3膜层。系统考察了PVA添加量对溶胶及膜层的影响。结果表明，当PVA添加量为1.0%(质量分数)时，获得了完整的Fe2O3/Al2O3陶瓷复合超滤膜，其截留分子量约为450 kDa，对应的Stocks尺寸约为26 nm，纯水渗透率高达6 800 L/(m2·h·MPa)。接触角及表面张力测试结果表明,该复合膜具有优异的抗污染性能和亲水性能。在1 000 mg/L水包油乳液过滤分离中，该复合膜对油滴去除率接近100%，通量稳定在430 L/(m2·h)左右，是Al2O3微滤膜通量的2倍。经纯水简单冲洗后，复合膜通量即可恢复至70%左右，表现出良好的可清洗性与抗污染性能。本研究所制备的Fe2O3/Al2O3陶瓷复合膜在油水处理中展现出了潜力，有望为工业化应用提供技术参考。

Ceramic membranes have attracted much attention in the treatment of oily wastewater due to their advantages such as narrow pore size distribution and high hydrophilicity. To develop anti-fouling and high-flux ceramic membranes, Fe2O3 with high hydrophilicity was used as the membrane layer material in this study. By combining the steric hindrance effect of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), an intact and defect-free Fe2O3 membrane layer was prepared on a macroporous Al2O3 support. The effects of PVA addition level on the sol and membrane layer were systematically investigated. The results showed that an intact Fe2O3/Al2O3 ceramic composite ultrafiltration membrane was obtained when the PVA addition level was 1.0% (mass fraction), with a molecular weight cut-off of about 450 kDa, a corresponding Stock size of about 26 nm, and a high pure water permeance of 6 800 L/(m2·h· MPa). The test results of contact angle and surface tension showed that the composite membrane had excellent anti-fouling performance and hydrophilic properties. In the filtration and separation of 1 000 mg/L oil-in-water emulsion, the removal rate of oil droplets by the composite membrane was close to 100%, and the flux was stable at about 430 L/(m2·h), which was almost twice of the flux of Al2O3 microfiltration membrane. After simple rinsing with pure water, the flux of the composite membrane could be restored to about 70%, indicating its excellent cleanability and anti-fouling performance. The Fe2O3/Al2O3 ceramic composite membrane prepared in this study shows potential in oily wastewater treatment, and is expected to provide technical reference for industrial application.

基金项目：

国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFB3805001）；清源创新实验室重大项目（00122003）；吉安市“揭榜挂帅”项目（pzzy-wtht-20220117014）

作者简介：

卫晶茹（1999-），女，山西运城人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为分离膜的制备与应用

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