膜科学与技术

喷涂辅助界面聚合制备聚乙烯基聚酰胺纳滤膜

作者：陈德鉴¹，史晓辉²，况武³，⁵，李莹⁴，陈响¹，姚之侃¹，张林¹

单位： 1. 浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院，膜与水处理教育部工程中心，杭州 310058; 2. 西安航天华阳机电装备有限公司，西安 710100；3. 北京碧水源膜科技有限公司，北京 101407； 4. 浙江科技大学环境与资源学院，杭州 310023；5. 中国城乡控股集团有限公司，武汉 430056

关键词：聚乙烯微孔膜；喷涂；界面聚合；聚酰胺纳滤膜

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2026.01.008

分类号： TQ028.8

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2026,46(1):78-87

摘要：

聚酰胺纳滤膜因其优异的分离性能而被广泛应用，但传统界面聚合法（CIP）制备聚酰胺纳滤膜时存在分离层结构难控、溶液利用率低等问题。本研究将喷涂技术与界面聚合技术结合，以聚乙烯微孔膜为支撑层制备聚乙烯基纳滤膜（PE-NF），并详细探讨了膜制备参数对膜结构与性能的影响。结果表明，采用喷涂辅助界面聚合可获得表面更平整、结构更均一的分离层；在优化条件下，膜对硫酸钠的截留率超过98%，水渗透通量约为72 L/（m2·h），显著高于CIP制备的纳滤膜[<50 L/（m2·h）]。喷涂辅助界面聚合制得的纳滤膜较低的交联度、较大的孔径以及强表面负电性，在确保其优异分离性能的同时，实现了水通量的提升。本研究验证了喷涂辅助界面聚合在聚酰胺分离层可控构筑中的可行性与优势，为界面反应调控及新型纳滤膜的制备提供了参考。

Polyamide nanofiltration (NF) membranes have been widely applied due to their excellent separation performance. However, conventional interfacial polymerization (CIP) often suffers from poor controllability of the selective layer structure and low utilization efficiency of reactant solutions. In this study, a spray-assisted interfacial polymerization technique was developed by combining spray coating with interfacial polymerization, using a polyethylene microporous membrane as the support to fabricate polyethylene-based nanofiltration membranes (PE-NF). The effects of preparation parameters on the membrane structure and separation performance were systematically investigated. Results showed that the spray-assisted interfacial polymerization produced a smoother and more uniform polyamide layer. Under optimized conditions, the resulting membrane exhibited a Na2SO4 rejection of over 98% and a water permeate flux of approximately 72 L/(m2·h), significantly higher than that of the CIP-prepared membrane [<50 L/(m2·h)]. The spray-assisted membrane exhibited a lower crosslinking degree, larger effective pore size and strong surface negativity, which collectively contributed to its enhanced water flux while maintaining excellent separation selectivity. This study demonstrates the feasibility and advantages of spray-assisted interfacial polymerization for the controlled construction of polyamide separation layers, providing a useful reference for the design and fabrication of advanced nanofiltration membranes.

基金项目：

国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFB3810900）；浙江省“领雁”计划项目(2023C03150)；浙江省基础公益研究计划项目（LZJWY22B070004）

作者简介：

陈德鉴（2002-），男，浙江温州人，硕士研究生，主要从事膜材料制备及应用研究

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