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聚苯并咪唑纳米纤维高温燃料电池膜制备及性能研究

作者：程艳慧¹，王丽华²，仇智²，韩旭彤¹

单位： 1. 天津工业大学，材料科学与工程学院，天津 300387； 2. 中国科学院化学研究所，极端环境高分子院重点实验室，北京 100190

关键词：高温质子交换膜燃料电池；聚苯并咪唑；静电纺丝；质子交换膜；纳米纤维

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2026.02.001

分类号： TQ317；TB383; TM911.4

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2026,46(2):1-12

摘要：

磷酸(PA)掺杂聚苯并咪唑(PBI)高温质子交换膜在高温燃料电池(HTPEMFC)应用中面临着PA流失与机械强度下降的难题，本研究以静电纺丝技术制备的PBI纳米纤维为骨架，经交联填孔制备具有高PA吸收率、低溶胀率的新型PBI纳米纤维高温膜(PBIPNF)。其充分掺杂PA后，仍可保持优异的力学性能。研究结果表明，PBIPNF20膜的PA吸收率为499.17%，PA溶胀率为35.44%，掺杂PA后拉伸强度为17.33 MPa。200 ℃下质子电导率和功率密度峰值分别可达173 mS/cm和522 mW/cm2，而PA流失率在160 ℃经168 h后仅为17.5%。本研究为开发兼具高质子电导率、优异尺寸稳定性能的高温质子交换膜提供了有效策略。

Phosphoric acid (PA)-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HTPEMFC) face challenges of PA loss and mechanical strength degradation in high-temperature fuel cell applications. In this study, a novel PBI nanofiber-based high-temperature membrane (PBI-PNF) with high PA uptake and low swelling ratio was fabricated using electrospun PBI nanofibers as a scaffold, followed by cross-linking and pore-filling treatments. The resulting membrane maintained excellent mechanical properties even after full PA doping. Experimental results demonstrated that the PBIPNF20 membrane achieved a PA uptake level of 499.17%, a PA swelling ratio of 35.44%, and a tensile strength of 17.33 MPa after PA doping. At an elevated temperature of 200 ℃, it exhibited a proton conductivity of 173 mS/cm and a peak power density of 522 mW/cm2, with a PA loss rate of only 17.5% at 160 ℃ after 168 h. This work provides an effective strategy for developing high-temperature proton exchange membranes that simultaneously possess high proton conductivity and superior dimensional stability.

基金项目：

国家重点研发项目(2023YFB4006200)

作者简介：

程艳慧(2000-)，女，山东德州人，硕士研究生，研究方向为高温质子交换膜

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