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面向液流电池的商业化聚苯并咪唑膜

作者：胡磊¹， ²，焉晓明¹，贺高红¹，宫博²，郭天水²，樊子鹏²，周俊鹏²，徐圣权²，王荣刚²

单位： 1. 大连理工大学化工学院，精细化工国家重点实验室，膜科学与技术研究开发中心，大连 116024； 2. 苏州天华新能源科技股份有限公司，苏州 215121

关键词：液流电池；商业化聚苯并咪唑膜；离子传导通道；离子选择性；稳定性

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2026.02.017

分类号： TQ028

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2026,46(2):163-170

摘要：

液流电池大规模应用需要高性能、低成本的离子交换膜，然而商业化全氟磺酸膜存在离子选择性低和成本高的问题，因此低成本聚苯并咪唑（PBI）基膜成为产业化研究重点。基于此，大连理工大学苏州天华新能源科技股份有限公司联合团队以高分子量聚苯并咪唑为基质设计非荷电梯度离子膜结构，通过窄而连通的超薄离子通道实现精确筛分，研发了商业化PBI系列膜，并系统测试了中试规模下膜的基础性能及其电池性能。研究表明，PBI基系列膜的面电阻与全氟磺酸膜相当，而钒离子渗透率降低近2个数量级，突破了传导性、选择性和稳定性的制衡效应；第一代PBI膜（PB 30）组装的全钒液流电池（VFB）在160 mA/cm2下循环寿命≥ 12 000次；第二代PBI膜（FB 30）通过分子结构设计降低传质阻力，所组装的VFB在200 mA/cm2下能量效率提高至82.3%，优于全氟磺酸膜（78.7%），已在160 mA/cm2下循环超2 600次。

The large-scale application of flow batteries demands high-performance and low-cost ion exchange membranes. However, commercial perfluorosulfonic acid membranes suffer from low ion selectivity and high costs. Therefore, low-cost polybenzimidazole (PBI)-based membranes have become a research focus for industrialization. Based on this, the joint research team from Dalian University of Technology and Canmax Technologies Co., Ltd. designed an uncharged gradient ion exchange membrane structure using high-molecular-weight PBI as the matrix, enabling precise ion sieving through narrow and interconnected ultra-thin ion channels. A series of commercial PBI-based membranes were developed. The fundamental properties and battery performances of the membranes at the pilot scale were systematically tested. The area resistance of PBI-based membranes was comparable to that of perfluorosulfonic acid membranes, while the vanadium ion permeability was reduced by nearly two orders of magnitude, thus breaking the trade-off effect among conductivity, selectivity and stability. Vanadium flow battery (VFB) assembled with the first-generation PBI membrane (PB 30) achieved a cycle life of over 12 000 cycles at 160 mA/cm2. The second-generation PBI membrane (FB 30), designed with a tailored molecular structure to reduce mass transfer resistance, delivered an energy efficiency of 82.3% at 200 mA/cm2 in VFB, outperforming the perfluorosulfonic acid membrane (78.7%), and had been cycled for over 2 600 cycles at 160 mA/cm2.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金项目（2253000382）；辽宁滨海实验室颠覆性技术类基金项目（LBLE-2023-03）; 中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2024M762321）；江苏省基础研究计划资助（BK20250444）

作者简介：

胡磊（1994-），男，四川内江人，工程师，博士，研究方向为液流电池膜

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