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高性能抗污染PVDF复合膜及其油-水乳液分离性能研究

作者：汪家伟¹，²，朱岳¹，²，丁雅杰²，王建强²，³，刘富²，³

单位： 1．宁波大学材料科学与化学工程学院，宁波 315211； 2．中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所，宁波 315201； 3．中国科学院大学宁波材料工程学院，宁波 315201

关键词： PVDF复合膜；油-水分离；抗污染；界面聚合；蒸汽诱导相分离；亲水改性

DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2025.03.011

分类号： TQ028.4

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2025,45(3):107-117

摘要：

本研究针对乳化含油废水处理中膜污染问题，创新性地开发了具有协同抗污结构的PVDF复合膜。通过蒸汽诱导相分离（VIPS）技术制备PVDF基膜，结合聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮聚乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷（PVP-VTES）共聚物亲水改性与逐步界面聚合工艺，在膜表面形成“PVP层-聚酰胺（PA）层”双效抗污层。实验数据显示，改性膜在13 h连续运行中保持油相回收率>60%（纯度99.9%），水相回收率近100%（纯度>98%）。机理分析表明，PVP层与PA层的协同效应促进油滴在膜表面的聚结脱附，有效延缓膜污染进程。该技术为乳化含油废水处理与资源回收提供了新型解决方案。

This study addresses the issue of membrane fouling in the treatment of emulsified oily wastewater by innovatively developing a PVDF composite membrane with a synergistic anti-fouling structure. The PVDF substrate membrane was prepared using the vapor-induced phase separation (VIPS) technique, followed by hydrophilic modification with a polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyvinyltriethoxysilane (PVP-VTES) copolymer and a stepwise interfacial polymerization process to form a dual-function anti-fouling layer consisting of a “hydration layer-polyamide” structure on the membrane surface. Experimental data showed that the modified membrane maintained an oil recovery rate of over 60% (purity~99.9%) and a water recovery rate close to 100% (purity>98%) during 13 hours of continuous operation. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the synergistic effect of the polyamide (PA) layer and the hydration layer facilitated the coalescence and detachment of oil droplets from the membrane surface, effectively mitigating membrane fouling. This technology provides a novel solution for emulsified oily wastewater treatment and resource recovery.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金面上项目（52373111）

作者简介：

汪家伟（2001-），男，安徽合肥人，硕士研究生，主要从事油水分离膜制备及其性能研究

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